The Kazakh National Women's Teacher Training University was founded in 1944 in accordance with the decree of the Council of People's Commissars of Kazakhstan "On the training of highly qualified specialists from among Kazakh girls" during the difficult time of the Great Patriotic War. In 2008, by government decree, the Kazakh State Women's Pedagogical Institute was granted the status of a university. In December 2018, by the Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the University was granted the status of National University. 

Currently, the University has 5 institutes: Institute of Pedagogy and Psychology, Institute of Philology, Institute of Natural Science, Institute of Physics, Mathematics and Computing and Institute of Social Sciences, Humanities and Art. There are about 8000 female students in 24 departments of the University. The number of faculty members is about 556, including 231 (53.8%) with doctoral degree and 165 with master's degree in 2018.

In the 2018-2019 academic year, 55 educational programmes were successfully accredited by the Independent Accreditation and Rating Agency (IAAR), another 10 programmes were accredited by the Institute of Accreditation, Certification and Quality Assurance (ACQUIN, Germany). The University maintains its leading position in the annual institutional rankings among pedagogical universities conducted by the Independent Quality Assurance Agency of Kazakhstan (IQAA) and the National Rating of the best pedagogical universities of Kazakhstan, taking the 2nd place in 2019.  In 2019, in general, according to the IAAR rating, TOP-20 universities of the Republic of Kazakhstan KNVTU takes the 7th place. The University participates in the rating of educational programmes of the National Chamber of Entrepreneurs of the Republic of Kazakhstan "Atameken". In 2019, KNVTTU was among the top ten in 13 educational programmes. 

Kazakh National Women's Teacher Training University carries out and develops international cooperation with 65 foreign partner universities. The main partners are International Western College (Great Britain), Sunshin Women's University (South Korea), Hubei University (China), University of Perpignan (France) and others. These agreements regulate the issues of academic mobility of students and teachers, guest lectures of leading scientists, joint research, scientific internships of master's and doctoral students, etc. In addition, Double-diploma programme is implemented with Mississippi Valley State University (USA) and Nigde Ömer Halisdemir University (Turkey). In 2019, the number of international students totalled 127. 

There are 37 youth organisations at the university. A unique club is "Kyz Zhibek", which has branches in 9 regions of the country. The infrastructure is represented by 3 academic buildings and 7 hostels for students and staff of the university. For the convenience of students and staff, the student service centre, medical health centre, "Akku" swimming pool, library, gym, "Ulpan" canteen are organised and functioning. Students studying under the state educational grant, as well as international students are provided with three meals a day and places in dormitories.